Lapis ISSN 2398-2969

Azithromycin

Introduction

Name

• Azithromycin.

Uses

Indications

• As broad spectrum antibacterial for consideration when safer alternatives have proved ineffective
• In situations where penicillins might be considered in other species, but where the severe risks of penicillin use in rabbits prevent their use.
• To assist in the management of rabbit abscesses, since it is particularly effective against the commonly associated bacteria (Pasteurella  Pasteurella multocida  ,Staphyloccocus  Staphylococcus spp  , anaerobes). 
• Management of respiratory tract infections.
• Management of mild to moderate skin and soft tissue infection.
• Treatment of non-tubercular mycobacterial infections.
• In man is used as a single dose for treatment of genital chlamydial infections.
• Active against gram positive cocci (except someStaphylococci), gram positive bacilli, some gram negative bacilli, (such asHaemophilusandPasteurellaspp).
• Also effective against:
  • Mycobacteria.
  • Anaerobes.
  • Chlamydiaspp.
  • Mycoplasmaspp.
  • Toxoplasmaspp   Toxoplasma gondii  .
• Some strains ofActinomyes,Nocardia,Chlamydia, andRickettsiaare inhibited by azithromycin.
• Resistance is exhibited by most strains ofPseudomonasspp,E. coliandKlebsiella.
• Widely used experimentally in rabbit models of human chlamydial disease, atherosclerosis and osteomyelitis. 

Administration

Pharmacokinetics

Precautions

Interactions

with other drugs

• Increases serum levels of:
  • Methylprednisolone    Methylprednisolone  .
  • Theophylline.
  • Terfenadine.
  • Warfarin.
  • Enhances absorption of digoxin.

Adverse Reactions