Felis ISSN 2398-2950
Oxytetracycline
Contributor(s): Rosanna Marsella
Introduction
Name
Class of drug
Description
Chemical name
- [4S-(4-alpha,4a-alpha,5-alpha,5a-alpha,6-beta,12a-alpha)]-4-(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,5,6,10,12,12a-hexahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-2-naphthacenecarboxamide.
Molecular formula
Physical properties
- Aqueous solution.
- Tablets.
Storage requirements
- <25°C.
- Protect from light.
Uses
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Indications
- Inhibits the growth of many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, rickettsiae, mycoplasma, spirochetes and other microbes.
Administration
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Pharmocokinetics
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Precautions
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Interactions
with other drugs
Penicillins
- The bactericidal action of the penicillins may be inhibited by oxytetracycline.
Drugs decreasing absorption by binding to tetracycline
- Antacids containing divalent or trivalent cations (Mg, Ca, Al).
- Iron.
- Sodium bicarbonate.
Digoxin
- The availability may be increased by tetracyclines for months after their discontinuation leading to digoxin toxicity.
Anticoagulants
- Plasma prothrombin activity may be reduced by tetracyclines and therefore patients on anticoagulant therapy may need a dose adjustment.
Methoxyflurane
- Tetracyclines may increase the nephrotoxic effects.
Theophyllines
- The GI effects of tetracyclines may be increased.
Adverse Reactions
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- McGrotty YL & Knottenbelt CM (2002)Oesophageal stricture in a cat due to oral administration of tetracyclines.J Small Anim Pract.43(5), 221-223.
- Watson A D (1992)Bioavailability and bioinequivalence of drug formulations in small animals.J Vet Pharmacol Ther15(2), 151-159.
- Riond J L, Vaden S L & Riviere J E (1990)Comparative pharmacokinetics of doxycycline in cats and dogs.J Vet Pharmacol Ther13(4), 415-424.
- Schwarz S, Roberts M C, Werckenthin C, Pang Y & Lange C (1998)Tetracycline resistance in Staphylococcus spp. from domestic animals.Vet Microbiol63(2-4), 217-227.
Other sources of information
- Based onSmall Animal Formulary.Tennant, Bryn (1999) 3rd edn. Cheltenham: BSAVA. ISBN: 0 9052 1452 8.