gamunroe@gmail.com
Cranial nuchal bursa bursoscopy
Abdomen: ventral midline hernioplasty
Magnetic field therapy
Heat therapy
Cold therapy
Graham qualified from Bristol Veterinary School in 1979 before gaining his RCVS certificates in Equine Orthopaedics and Equine Stud Medicine in practice. Graham now works in private consultancy practice at the Flanders Veterinary Services based in the Scottish Borders.
Foal: failure of passive transfer (IgG)
Foal heat diarrhea
Hyponatremia
Temporohyoid joint: osteoarthropathy
Neurology: shivering
Hypernatremia
Bladder: rupture
Umbilicus: hernia
Immunology: neonatal isoerythrolysis
Behavior: crib-biting and wind-sucking
Botulism
CNS: Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM)
Borreliosis
Spine: occipitoatlantoaxial malformation
Cerebellum: hypoplasia
Toxicity: locoweed
Hydrocephalus
Median / ulnar nerve: paralysis
Musculocutaneous nerve: paralysis
Penis: neoplasia
Penis: phimosis
Semen: bacteriospermia
Testis: neoplasia - seminoma
Teratoma
Penis: paraphimosis
Penis: hematoma
Prepuce: smegma
Testis: orchitis
Uterus: contagious equine metritis
Penis: bacterial colonization
Vagina: bacterial infection
Vagina: trauma
Perineum: trauma
Umbilical cord: torsion
Twinning
Uterus: endometritis - bacterial
Penis: paralysis / priapism
Uterus: pyometra
Cervix: trauma
Reproduction: coital exanthema - EHV 3
Abortion: EHV-1
Spermatic cord: torsion
Semen: azoospermia / oligospermia
Reproduction: gonadal dysgenesis
Uterus: uterine artery/vein rupture
Uterus: prolapse
Bladder: paralysis
Male: lack of libido
Penis: erection failure/abnormality
Male: mounting/intromission difficulty
Male: ejaculatory dysfunction
Testis: cryptorchidism
Testis: hypoplasia
Scrotum: trauma
Toxicity: aminoglycoside
Abortion: early embryonic/fetal death
Abortion: mummification / maceration
Endocrine: hypothyroidism
Placenta: retained
Vagina: pneumovagina
Testis: hematoma
Neurology: motor neuron disease
Endometrium: fibrosis
Nose: polyps
Penis: trauma
Abdomen: uroperitoneum
Glanders
Guttural pouch: mycosis
Strangles (Streptococcus equi infection)
Abdomen: abscess
Abdomen: adhesions
Rectum: prolapse
Pneumothorax
Respiratory: smoke inhalation
Atheroma
Foot: flexural deformity - hyperextension
Humerus: fracture
Muscle: myopathy - postanesthetic
Mandible/maxilla: fracture
Humerus: bicipital bursa - disease
Scapula: fracture
Eye: night blindness
Musculoskeletal: polydactylism
Joint: septic arthritis - foal
Temporomandibular joint: fracture
Joint: immune-mediated polysynovitis
Bone: osteitis - septic
Muscle: myopathy - fibrotic
Head: fractures
Joint: septic arthritis - adult
MCP / MTP joint: chronic proliferative synovitis
Foot: subsolar abscess/infection
Foot: underrun heels
Foot: heel - sheared
Distal phalanx: pedal osteitis - septic
Foot: lateral cartilage calcification (sidebone)
Foot: lateral cartilage inflammation (quittor)
MCP/MTP joint: luxation
Straight sesamoidean ligament: desmitis
Digital sheath: tenosynovitis
Carpus: sheath tenosynovitis
Foot: contracted heels
Toxicity: selenium
Navicular bursa: puncture
Carpus: fracture - comminuted
PIP joint: osteoarthritis
Accessory carpal: fracture
Carpus: hygroma
Elbow: osteoarthritis
Elbow: hygroma
Anthrax
Foot: laminitis
Common digital extensor tendon: rupture
Deep digital flexor tendon: tendinitis
MC/MT 2 and 4: fracture
MC/MT 2 and 4: periostitis (splints)
Female: shortened diestrus
African Horse Sickness
Ovary: ovulatory failure
SDFT: tendinitis
Accessory ligament DDFT: forelimb - desmitis
Suspensory ligament: desmitis - proximal
Suspensory ligament: desmitis - midbody
Carpus: fracture - chip
MC/MT 3: dorsal metacarpal disease
MC / MT 3: fracture - condylar
Equine adenovirus infection (EAI)
Stifle: femorotibial subchondral bone cyst
Vitreous: vitritis (vitreous haze)
Stifle: femoropatellar osteochondrosis
Stifle: trauma - collateral ligament
Stifle: trauma - cruciate ligament
Patella: upward fixation
Patella: fragmentation
Pelvis: trauma - sacroiliac
Spine: spinous processes - overriding
Optic nerve: neuropathy - trauma
Optic nerve: neuritis
Female: prolonged diestrus
Female: anestrus during ovulatory season
Female: diestral ovulation
Tarsus: tarsocrural synovitis (bog spavin)
Vestibule: urine pooling
Tarsus: osteochondrosis
Diarrhea: antimicrobial associated
Potomac Horse Fever
Large colon: intussusception
Esophagus: trauma
Esophagus: stricture
Inguinal ring: rupture
Cecum: typhlitis
Gastrointestinal: tympany/flatulent colic
Foot: sole bruising
Foot: hoof wall fracture
Foot: keratoma
Spine: coccygeal - trauma
Gastrocnemius tendinitis
Carpometacarpal joint: disease - overview
Elbow joint: disease - overview
Shoulder joint: disease - overview
Stifle joint: disease - overview
Hard palate: palatitis
Talocalcaneal joint: disease - overview
Tarsal joint: disease - overview
Tarsus: trauma - collateral ligament
Wolf teeth
Nasolacrimal duct: obstruction - acquired
Nutrition: nutritional myopathy
Eyelid: trauma
Cardiovascular: aortoiliac thrombosis
Conjunctivitis: bacterial
Eyelid: symblepharon
Third eyelid: trauma
Conjunctiva: hemorrhage - subconjunctival
Conjunctivitis: foreign body
Eye: squamous cell carcinoma
Conjunctivitis: viral
Conjunctivitis: mycotic
Conjunctivitis: allergic
Conjunctivitis: follicular
Eyelid: blepharedema
Eyelid: trauma - contusion and abrasion
Eye: neoplasia - melanoma
Fly bite
Eyelid: blepharitis - allergic
Eye: neoplasia - sarcoid
Eyelid: ankyloblepharon
Eye: defect - overview
Eyeball: strabismus
Orbit: retrobulbar abscess
Eyeball: microphthalmos
Skin: color dilution
Eye: dermoid
Eyelid: ectropion
Orbit: cellulitis
Lens: subluxation/luxation
Orbit: neoplasia - primary
Eyeball: phthisis bulbi
Eye: panophthalmitis
Peroneus tertius: rupture
Eyelid: entropion
Bone: osseous cyst-like lesions
Insect hypersensitivity
Histoplasmosis
Anterior chamber: hyphema
Eye: glaucoma
Uveitis: traumatic
Uveitis: bacterial
Anhidrosis
Keratitis: mycotic
Keratitis: bacterial
Cornea: foreign body
Distal phalanx: fractures
Proximal sesamoid: sesamoiditis
Mammary gland: mastitis
Foal: neonatal septicemia syndrome
Carpus: intercarpal ligament (MPICL) - trauma
Ethmoid: hematoma
Tarsus: luxation
Malignant hyperthermia
Muscle: myopathy - overview
Bone: osteochondrosis
Musculoskeletal: back pain
Immune-mediated disease: overview
Eye: neoplasia - overview
Anaplasmosis
Endotoxemia: overview
Dysuria
Urine: hematuria
Toxicity: fescue grass
Foot: heel and hoof - avulsion injuries
Hoof: seedy toe
Coughing
Abdomen: hernia - incisional
Epiglottis: cyst - subepiglottic
Vasculitis
Polydipsia / polyuria
Incontinence
Atypical myoglobinuria
Hyperelastosis cutis
Anaphylaxis
Hendra virus disease
Colitis X
Chronic inflammatory bowel disease
Toxicity: bracken
Rib: fracture
Foot: thrush
Foot: white line disease
Distal phalanx: pedal osteitis - non-septic
Coxofemoral joint: disease - overview
DIP joint: disease - overview
PIP joint: diseases - overview
MCP / MTP joint: disease - overview
Carpal joint: disease - overview
Gastrointestinal: small intestine - malabsorption
Immunology: selective IgM deficiency
Keratitis: viral
Keratitis: eosinophilic
Tenesmus
Pancreas: hyperinsulinemia
Pancreas: acute pancreatitis
Mouth: ulcers
Mouth: ptyalism
Colon: inflammation - right dorsal
Abdomen: distention
Gastrointestinal: dysphagia
CNS: neoplasia
Neurology: Borna disease
Epilepsy: overview
Listeriosis
Neurology: vestibular disease
Anesthesia: peri-operative complications - post-anesthetic myasthenia
Neurology: post-foaling paralysis
Neurology: tick paralysis
Hypercalcemia
Hyperchloremia
Hypochloremia
Hypermagnesemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hyperphosphatemia
Hypophosphatemia
Immunology: common variable immunodeficiency disorder
Reproduction: pregnancy - prolonged
Fetus: stress/distress/viability
Clitoris: enlargement
Bone: enostosis-like lesions
Suspensory ligament: desmitis - branch
Oblique sesamoidean ligament: desmitis
Intersesamoidean ligament: disease
Nuchal bursa: bursitis
Calcaneal bursa: bursitis
Eye: ischemic optic neuropathy
Reproduction: sexual development disorders
Testis: periorchitis
Toxicity: zilpaterol hydrochloride
Skin: blastomycosis
Tarsus: capped hock
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis: abscess
Ureter: rupture
Esophagus: muscular hypertrophy - idiopathic
Thorax: trauma
Lung: pneumonia - aspiration
Respiratory: dyspnea
Spine: supraspinous bursa - bursitis
Fusobacterium spp
Bacteroides fragilis
Mycoplasma spp
Anaplasmataceae
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Peptostreptococcus spp
Hendra virus
Burkholderia mallei
Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
Cataract: senile
Therapeutics: cardiovascular system
Cataract: overview
Therapeutics: reproductive system
Therapeutics: gastrointestinal system
Therapeutics: antimicrobials
Reproduction: dystocia
Therapeutics: anti-inflammatory drugs
Eye: microbiology - overview
Abdomen: laparotomy - complications
Eye: biopsy
Eye: drug administration - overview
Respiratory: overview
Lung: pneumonia - bacterial
Neurology: vision testing - overview
Therapeutics: respiratory system
Therapeutics: eye
Therapeutics: skin
Eye: reflexes - overview
Bone: internal fixation - wires
Testis: castration - overview
Musculoskeletal: conformation
Reproduction: management - female
Reproduction: parturition - induction
Female: hormonal therapy
Therapeutics: immune system
Endocrine: hormone assay - female
Reproduction: foaling management
Emergency resuscitation
Abortion: overview
Ovary: neoplasia - overview
Nutrition: commercial feeds
Keratitis: overview
Conjunctivitis: overview
Eye: radiography
Cornea: cauterization
Eyelid: blepharitis - overview
Eyelid: cicatrical deformities
Location of intraocular opacity
Intraorbital prostheses
Wound: granulation tissue management
Uveitis: anterior - neoplasia-induced
Respiratory: endoscopy
Conjunctivitis: parasitic
Conjunctivitis: chlamydial
Conjunctivitis: systemic causes
Uveitis: anterior - parasitic
Uveitis: reflex
Uveitis: anterior - viral
Uveitis: anterior - immune-mediated
Lens: traumatic rupture
Uveitis: anterior - overview
Foal: evaluation - neonate
Female: minimal contamination breeding technique
Cataract: hereditary
Cataract: complicated or secondary
Synechiae
Exposure keratopathy
Keratitis: pigmentary
Hyaloid apparatus disease
Vitreous: opacities
Retina: detachment
Eye: exophthalmos
Enophthalmos
Pupil: anisocoria
Optic nerve: hypoplasia
Optic nerve: atrophy
Keratitis: traumatic - ulcerative
Abdomen: surgical approaches
Gastrointestinal endoscopy
Bone: grafting
Surgery: suture materials - overview
Surgery: suture patterns - overview
Surgery: suture patterns - basic patterns
Surgery: suture patterns - hollow organs
Surgery: suture patterns - tendons
Surgery: suture materials - types
Palmar carpal retinaculum: section
Embryo Transfer
Tenosynovioscopy
Abdomen: penetrating wounds
Saddlery: principles
Therapeutics: performance
Bursoscopy: overview
Electrotherapies
Anesthesia: inhalational
Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein therapy
Platelet-rich plasma therapy
Farriery: natural balance shoeing
Farriery: Styrofoam support system
Weight loss: overview
Therapeutics: musculoskeletal system
Therapeutics: foal
Therapeutics: urinary system
Therapeutics: endocrine system
Therapeutics: neurological system
Electrodiagnostic testing
Therapeutics: intra-uterine
Musculoskeletal: physiotherapy
Eye: drug administration - systemic
Musculoskeletal: laser therapy
Imipramine
Methotrexate
Gentamicin
Potomac Horse Fever vaccine
Therapeutics: anabolic steroids
Tiludronate
Blood: biochemistry - indocyanine green
Cornea / conjunctiva: cytology
Semen: evaluation
Female: bacterial venereal disease screening
Reproduction: pregnancy diagnosis - indirect
Male: bacterial venereal disease screening
Endocrine: estrone sulfate assay
Endocrine: testosterone assay
Endocrine: hCG stimulation test
Endocrine: GnRH stimulation test
Musculoskeletal: exercise response test
Indirect Coombs test
Direct Coombs test
CSF: collection - ultrasound-guided antlato-occipital
CSF: collection - ultrasound-guided standing cervical
Neurology: menace reflex
Neurology: vision testing - cotton ball reflex
Neurology: vision testing - maze test
Eye: examination - dark - diffuse and focal
Eye: examination - direct ophthalmoscopy
Eye: examination - direct ophthalmoscopy - close
Eye: examination - indirect ophthalmoscopy
MC / MT 4: removal
Third eyelid: trauma - repair
Eye: dermoid excision
Third eyelid: excision
Conjunctiva: graft - pedicle flap
Third eyelid: flap
Iris: prolapse management
Cornea: debridement
Cornea: superficial keratectomy
Nasolacrimal duct: nasal puncta opening
Eyelid: tacking (for entropion)
Lacrimal gland: schirmer tear test
Eye: anesthesia
Supraorbital nerve: perineural anesthesia
Auriculopalpebral nerve: perineural anesthesia
Eye: topical anesthesia
Eye: drug administration - contact lens
Cornea / conjunctiva: scraping
Cornea / conjunctiva: swab
Cornea / sclera: suturing
Eye: dacryorhinocystography
Ultrasonography: eye
Eyeball: tonometry
Nasolacrimal duct: lavage
Eyelid: resection
Eyelid: procaine penicillin injection - entropion
Eyelid: canthotomy
Eyelid: tarsorrhaphy - temporary
Eyelid: trauma - repair
Eye: drug administration 01 - topical
Eye: drug administration 02 - topical
Eyeball: exenteration
Abdomen: abdominocentesis
Liver: biopsy
Abdomen: laparotomy
Abdomen: laparoscopy
Vagina / vestibule: trauma - repair
Cecocolic anastomosis
Clitoris: surgery
Forelimb: perineural analgesia
Bone: slab fracture repair - lag screw
Esophagus: esophagotomy
Esophagus: esophagostomy
Esophagus: resection and anastomosis
Jejunum: jejunojejunostomy
Jejunum: jejunocecostomy
MC / MT 3: condylar fracture repair
Mouth: trauma lip - repair
Tongue: trauma - repair
Teeth: removal - wolf teeth
Esophagus: surgical approaches
Vulva: Pouret operation
Bladder: cystoplasty
Male: libido / mating ability evaluation
Urethra: urethroplasty
Male: genitalia - examination
Bladder: cystotomy
Bladder: cystorrhaphy
Ureter: neoureterostomy
Radius: fracture repair
Perineum: trauma - repair
Perineum: urethrotomy
Semen: cryopreservation
Ulna: fracture repair
Prepuce: resection
Penis: phallopexy
Testis: cryptorchidectomy - inguinal / parainguinal
Semen: liquid preservation
Reproduction: artificial insemination
Testis: castration - technique
Placenta: evaluation
Abdomen: ballottement
Uterus: caesarean section
Fetotomy
Ovary: ovariectomy - laparotomy approach
Vulva: Caslick operation
Female: vaginoscopy
Vagina and cervix: manual examination
Umbilicus: herniorrhaphy
Urinary system: endoscopy
Uterus: endoscopy
Tarsus: arthrodesis
Carpus: growth acceleration - angular deformity
Paranasal sinus: percutaneous centesis
Distal phalanx: fracture repair
Cecum: typhlectomy
Musculoskeletal: therapeutic ultrasound
Ulnaris lateralis: tenotomy - flexural deformity
Accessory ligament SDFT: desmotomy
Deep digital flexor tendon: tenotomy
Accessory ligament DDFT: desmotomy
Carpus: growth retardation - angular deformity
Wound: primary closure
Wound: preparation
Foot / shoe: examination
Ultrasonography: flexor tendon
Hindlimb: joint anesthesia
Hindlimb: perineural analgesia
Musculoskeletal: physical examination - adult
Paranasal sinus: sinuscopy
Colostomy
Abdomen: peritoneal lavage
MC / MT 2 and 4: partial removal
Proximal sesamoid: fracture repair - wire
Annular ligament: transection - palmar / plantar
Rectum: trauma - management and repair
Colon: resection
Soft palate: trimming
Pharynx: cyst - resection
Paranasal sinus: bone flap technique
Head: trephination
Paranasal sinus: drainage ostia - enlargement
Carotid artery: ligation
Thorax: thoracentesis
Paranasal sinus: lavage
Thorax: thoracotomy
Trachea: resection and anastomosis
Trachea: tracheostomy - permanent
Soft palate: sternothyrohyoid / omohyoid - myectomy
Trachea: tracheotomy
Pharynx: ventral pharyngotomy
Larynx: ventral laryngotomy
Larynx: ventriculocordectomy
Larynx: laryngoplasty
Larynx: arytenoidectomy
Endometrium: biopsy
Medial patellar ligament: desmotomy
Ovary: colpotomy
Eyeball: enucleation - transpalpebral
Testis: cryptorchidectomy - ventral midline approach
Testis: cryptorchidectomy - flank
Testis: cryptorchidectomy - suprapubic paramedian
Orbit: fracture repair
Tuber coxae: bone graft collection
Respiratory: radiography - upper respiratory tract
Respiratory: exploratory surgery
Gastrointestinal: enterotomy
Gastrointestinal: decompression and lavage
Intestine: resection and anastomosis
Farriery: shoe removal
Foot: keratoma - resection
Foot: hoof wall - crack repair
Thermography
Female: genitalia - external examination
Penis: phallectomy - Vinscot technique
Foot: trimming and balancing
Bone marrow: biopsy
Elbow: arthroscopy
Fetlock: arthroscopy
Intercarpal: arthroscopy
Radiocarpal: arthroscopy
Shoulder: arthroscopy
Stifle: arthroscopy
Tarsus: arthroscopy
Foot: street-nail procedure
Humerus: bicipital bursa - bursoscopy
Humerus: bicipital bursa - bursotomy
Gastrointestinal: intestinal function tests
Ultrasonography: reproductive tract - male
Farriery: grooving procedure
Mandible / maxilla: fracture - repair
Ovary: ovariectomy - laparoscopic approach
Musculoskeletal: physical examination - foal
Desmectomy: overview
Therapeutics: intravenous regional antibiosis
Lateral plantar nerve: deep branch - neurectomy and fasciotomy
Medial patellar ligament: splitting
Spine: interspinous ligament - desmotomy
Calcaneal bursa: bursoscopy
Feces: parasitology - McMaster worm egg count
Urinary system: general physical examination
Hydrotherapy
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