Dental extraction

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Sections available in full article Uses, Alternative techniques, Decision taking, Requirements, Materials required, Aftercare, Immediate Aftercare, Sequelae, Complications, Reasons for treatment failure, Sources, Publications, Vetstream contributor(s),
Contributors Dr Jan Bellows DVM Dip AVDC
Mr David Crossley BVetMed FAVD MRCVS
Dr Mark Thompson DVM DipABVP

Uses

  • Mobile teeth.
  • Periodontal disease  Periodontal disease  .
  • Supernumerary teeth: if affecting occlusion or crowding other teeth.
  • Persistent deciduous teeth  Retained temporary teeth (Persistent primary teeth)  .
  • Advanced caries.
  • Fractured teeth  Dental fracture  : if beyond repair, eg long axis root fractures, root fractures in the middle third, teeth with crown fractures when no endodontic treatment is authorized.
  • Teeth on fracture line of fractured mandible or maxilla.
    Skull smaller and more fragile in cat than in dog.

Requirements

Materials required

Minimum equipment

  • Scalpel blade No. 11  Surgical instruments: scalpel blades  and handle.
  • Molt p9 periosteal elevator .
  • Root tip pick.
  • Svenska luxators  Endodontics Instrument: Svenska luxator  : 3 mm straight, 3 mm curved.
  • Lindo-Levien elevators: LLL, LLM, LLS.
  • Needle holder  Endodontics instrument: needle holder - Mayo-Hegar  .
  • Fine-toothed dissecting forceps.
  • Straight scissors 5 inch  Endodontics instrument: scissors - straight  .
    Must be sharp.
  • Dental elevator: a selection of sizes to match tooth root size and diameter.
  • Cutting burrs  Endodontics instrument: tungsten carbide bur - 124   Endodontics instrument: tungsten carbide bur - 138  : 701, 702, 330, round 2, 3, 4 and 5
  • Bone file  Endodontics instrument: bone file  .
  • Drapes, clips, swabs.

Minimum consumables

  • Suture material: monocryl 1.5 metric rapidly absorbable suture with swaged on cutting needle.

Sequelae

Complications

  • See under Aftercare/Complications.

Reasons for treatment failure

  • See earlier.

Sources

Publications

  • Recent references from PubMed.
  • Wiggs R B et al (1998) Oral and periodontal tissue - maintenance, augmentation, rejuvenation and regeneration. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2 (5), 1165-1188.
  • Smith M M (1996) Lingual approach for surgical extraction of the mandibular canine tooth in dogs and cats. JAAHA 32 (4), 359-364 PubMed.
  • DuPont G (1995) Crown amputation with intentional root retention for advanced feline resorptive lesions - a clinical study. J Vet Dent 12 (1), 9-13.
  • Scheels J L et al (1993) Principles of dental extraction. Semin Vet Med Surg Small Anim 8 (3), 146-154.

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