Hydrochlorothiazide

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Sections available in full article Name, Class of drug, Uses, Administration, Routes of administration, Dosage, Pharmocokinetics, Pathological variations, Precautions, Contra-indications, Interactions, Adverse reactions, Sources, Publications,
Contributors

Name

  • Hydrochlorothiazide.

Class of drug

  • Thiazide diuretic.

Uses

Action

  • Diuretic.
  • Acts on the proximal portion of the distal convoluted tubule to inhibit resorption of sodium and cause secretion of potassium.
  • Onset of action - 2 hours.
  • Peak activity - 4 hours, duration 12 hours.

Indications

  • Ascites.
  • Pleural effusion  Pleural effusion  .
  • Edema.
  • Hypertension  Hypertension  .
  • When using hydrochlorthiazide to treat hypertension, if potassium loss is/may be a clinical problem, it should be used in combination with a potassium sparing diuretic (eg amiloride).
  • To inhibit lactation in pseudopregnancy.

Adverse reactions

Other reported reactions

  • Reduced glucose tolerance (hyperglycemia), hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypercalcemia and volume contraction.
  • Enhances effect of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in heart failure.

Investigation of adverse reaction

  • Monitor patients for hydration status and electrolyte imbalances (K, Ca, Na).

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