Enalapril

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Sections available in full article Name, Class of drug, Description, Uses, Administration, Routes of administration, Dosage, Pharmocokinetics, Normal, Precautions, Use with care, Interactions, Adverse reactions, Sources, Publications, Vetstream contributor(s),
Contributors Dr Mark Rishniw BVSc MS DipACVIM

Name

  • Enalapril.

Class of drug

  • Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor  ACE inhibitors: overview  .

Uses

Action

  • Inhibits conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II   →   veno- and arteriodilation and decreased salt and water retention (reduced aldosterone production). Angiotensin II is a potent vasopressor, stimulates release of aldosterone and vasopressin, facilitates the central and peripheral effects of the sympathetic nervous system and preserves glomerular filtration when renal blood flow is reduced.
  • Efferent arteriolar dilation   →   reduced glomerular filtration pressure   →   reduced proteinurea (in diabetes mellitus  Diabetes mellitus  , hypertension  Hypertension  , protein-losing nephropathies  Glomerulonephritis  ).

Indications

  • Congestive heart failure  Congestive heart failure  .
  • Hypertension  Hypertension  .
  • Protein losing nephropathies  Glomerulonephritis  .

Adverse reactions

Effects of overdosage

  • Hypotension.

Other reported reactions

  • Hypotension.
  • Renal impairment.
  • Hyperkalemia.
  • Vomiting and diarrhea.
  • Anorexia.
  • Serum biochemical abnormalities, eg hyperkalemia.

Antidote for overdose

Hypotension
  • Normal saline is recommended to correct blood pressure.

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