Lymphocytic-plasmacytic stomatitis

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Sections available in full article Introduction, Pathogenesis, Etiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Client history, Clinical signs, Diagnostic investigation, Confirmation of diagnosis, Gross autopsy findings, Histopathology findings, Differential diagnosis, Treatment, Initial symptomatic treatment, Standard treatment, Sequelae, Prognosis, Reasons for treatment failure, Sources, Publications, Vetstream contributor(s),
Contributors Dr Philip K Nicholls BVSc BSc PhD MRCVS FRCPath
Mr James Simpson SDA BVM&S MPhil MRCVS
Synonyms Chronic gingivitis-stomatitis Plasma cell gingivitis Feline gingivitis-stomatitis

Introduction

  • Should not be considered a specific disease but a syndrome.
  • Although the etiology is not known, is probably multifactoral.
  • A chronic disorder of the cat.
  • Can affect any age, breed or sex, but more common in young purebreds.
  • Clinical picture represents an excessive inflammatory response.

Diagnosis

Clinical signs

  • Halitosis.
  • Proliferative or ulcerative lesions on the oral mucosa.
  • Lesions found especially around gingiva but also tongue, hard palate, fauces, cheeks.
  • Poor coat condition due to lack of grooming.
  • Ptyalism.

Diagnosis

Differential diagnosis

  • Traumatic stomatitis.
  • Infective stomatitis:
    • Bacterial.
    • Viral (FeLV  Feline leukemia virus  , FIV  Feline immunodeficiency virus  , calici virus  Feline calicivirus  ).
    • Fungal (candida  Candida albicans  ).
  • Inflammation secondary to neoplasia.
  • Uremic stomatitis.
  • Malnutrition.
  • Immune-mediated disease, eg pemphigus  Pemphigus foliaceus  .

Sequelae

Prognosis

  • Poor.
  • Relapse common.

Reasons for treatment failure

  • Many cases will not respond.
  • Insufficient duration or dose of medication.

Sources

Publications

Refereed papers

  • Wiggs R Bet al(1993)Effects of preactivated MC540 in the treatment of lymphocytic plasmacytic stomatitis in feline leukaemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus positive cats.J Vet Dent10(1), 9-13.
  • Harvey C E (1991)Inflammatory oral disease in cats.JAAHA27, 585.
  • Reindel J Fet al(1987)Recurrent plasmacytic stomatitis-pharyngitis in a cat with esophagitis, fibrosing gastritis, and gastric nematodiasis.JAVMA190(1), 65-67.
  • Johnessee J S & Hurvitz A I (1983)Feline plasma cell gingivitis-pharyngitis.JAAHA19, 179.

Other sources of information

  • Guilford W G (1993)Disorders of the gastrointestinal system.In:Textbook of Feline Medicine.Pergamon Press. pp 153.

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