Otodectes disease

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Sections available in full article Introduction, Presenting signs, Age predisposition, Pathogenesis, Etiology, Pathophysiology, Timecourse (incubation, duration), Epidemiology (population dynamics), Diagnosis, Presenting problems, Client history, Clinical signs, Diagnostic investigation, Confirmation of diagnosis, Differential diagnosis, Treatment, Standard treatment, Subsequent management, Prevention, Control, Group eradication, Sequelae, Prognosis, Reasons for treatment failure, Sources, Publications, Vetstream contributor(s),
Contributors Dr Rosanna Marsella DVM DipACVD
Mr David Scarff BVetMed CertSAD MRCVS
Synonyms Ear mite

Introduction

  • Cause : ear mite, Otodectes cynotis .
  • Signs : pruritic ears, red-brown otic discharge, generalized skin disease.
  • Diagnosis : ear swab and microscopy, direct visualization.
  • Treatment : otic parasiticides, whole body insecticides, ivermectin, treat all in-contact pets.
  • Prognosis : good.

Diagnosis

Clinical signs

  • Ceruminous brown discharge ('coffee grounds') in external ear canal.
  • Ear irritation.
  • Pruritic dermatitis, eg miliary dermatitis  Dermatitis: miliary  .
  • Mites on dorsum, eg neck, rump, tail.
  • Positive pinnal-pedal reflex - ipsilateral rear limb scratches when ear is swabbed or ear canal massaged.

Diagnosis

Differential diagnosis

  • Flea-bite hypersensitivity  Flea bite hypersensitivity  .
  • Otitis externa  Otitis externa  other causes.
  • Pediculosis (lice infestation)  Pediculosis  .
  • Sarcoptic mange  Sarcoptic mange  .
  • Food hypersensitivity  Food hypersensitivity  .
  • Cheyletiellosis.  Cheyletiellosis 
  • Atopy  Atopy  .
  • Demodicosis.  Demodectic mange 

Sequelae

Prognosis

  • Good.

Reasons for treatment failure

  • Standard reasons  Standard reasons for failure in a treatment  .
  • Failure to treat the body/mites can migrate from ears to rest of body.
  • Insufficient length of treatment (should cover 3-week parasite cycle).

Sources

Publications

Refereed papers

  • Sotiraki S T, Koutinas A F, Leontides L Set al(2001)Factors affecting the frequency of ear canal and face infestation by Otodectes in the cat.Vet Parasitol96(4), 309-315.
  • Shanks D J, McTier T L, Rowan T Get al(2000)The efficacy of selamectin in the treatment of naturally acquired aural infested otodectes cynotis on dogs and cats.Vet Parasitol91(3-4), 383-290.
  • Six R H, Clemence R G, Thomas C Aet al(2000)Efficacy and safety of selamectin against Sarcoptes scabiei on dogs and Otodectes cynotis on dogs and cats presented as veterinary patients.Vet Parasitol91(3-4), 291-309.
  • Engelen M A C M (2000)Efficacy on non-acaracidal containing otic preparations in the treatment of otoacariasis in dogs and cats.Vet Rec147, 567-569.
  • Song M D (1991)Using Ivermectin to treat feline dermatosis caused by external parasites.Vet Med86, 498.
  • Powell M Bet al(1980)Reaginic hypersensitivity in Otodectes cynotis infestation of cats and mode of mite feeding.Am J Vet Res41, 877.

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