Myopathies

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Sections available in full article Introduction, Presenting signs, Pathogenesis, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Presenting problems, Client history, Diagnostic investigation, Sources, Publications, Vetstream contributor(s),
Contributors Mr David Godfrey BVetMed CertSAD CertSAM DipABVP(Feline practice) CBiol FSB FRCVS
Dr G Diane Shelton DVM PhD DipACVIM

Introduction

  • Myopathies are quite common in cats.
  • Signs: Muscle weakness alone or as part of a systemic illness.
  • Cause: By far the most common cause is hypokalemic myopathy  Hypokalemia  .
  • Ischemia associated with a thromboembolus  Thromboembolism: aorta  is also common
  • Other unusual causes are autoimmune diseases, degenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, tumors, nutritional deficiency, paraneoplastic disease  Feline paraneoplastic syndromes  , feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)  Feline immunodeficiency virus disease  and toxoplasmosis  Toxoplasmosis  .
  • Diagnosis: biochemistry, muscle biopsy and histopathology.
  • Treatment: treat underlying cause.
  • Prognosis: good if underlying cause identified and treated.

Sources

Publications

Refereed papers

  • Braund K G (1997)Degenerative causes of myopathies in dogs and cats.Vet Med7, 608-617.
  • Braund K G (1997)Endogenous causes of myopathies in dogs and cats.Vet Med7, 618-628.
  • Braund K G (1997)Idiopathic and exogenous causes of myopathies in dogs and cats.Vet Med7, 629-634.
  • Dow S W, LeCouteur R A, Fettman M Jet al(1987)Potassium depletion in cats - hypokalemic polymyopathy.JAVMA191, 1563-1568.
  • Dow S W, Fettman M J, LeCouteur R Aet al(1987)Potassium depletion in cats - renal and dietary influences.JAVMA191, 1569-1575.
  • Fascetti A J, Mauldin G E & Mauldin G N (1997)Correlations between serum creatine kinase activities and anorexia in cats.JVIM11, 9-13.
  • Griffin I R & Duncan I D (1979)Ischemic neuromyopathy in cats.Vet Rec6, 518-522.
  • Kaplan F Set al(1992)Fibroplasia ossificans progressiva in the cat.JVIM6, 335-340.
  • Malik R, Mepstead F, Yang Fet al(1993)Hereditary myopathy of Devon Rex cats.JSAP34, 539-546.
  • Nemzek J A, Kruger J M, Walshaw Ret al(1994)Acute onset of hypokalemia and muscular weakness in four hyperthyroid cats.JAVMA205, 65-68.
  • Braund K G (1986)Identifying degenerative and developmental myopathies.Vet Med81, 713.
  • Braund K G (1986)Myopathies in dogs and cat, recognizing exogenous causes.Vet Med81, 803.
  • Cooper B Jet al(1986)Nemaline myopathy in cats.Muscle & Nerve.9, 618.

Other sources of information

  • Jones B R (1997)Congenital myotonia in related cats.Congress synopses - WSAVA, BSAVA & FECAVA, 269.

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