Feline herpes virus: feline rhinotracheitis virus

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Sections available in full article Classification, Distribution, Significance, Active Forms, Active Form 1, Clinical Effects, Epidemiology, Pathological effects, Other Host Effects, Control, Diagnosis, Useful samples, Specimen storage, Transport of samples, Isolation, Field diagnosis, Laboratory diagnosis, Sources, Publications, Vetstream contributor(s), Organization(s),
Contributors Dr Susan Dawson BVMS PhD MRCVS
Dr Melissa Kennedy DVM PhD DipACVM
Synonyms FHV-1, feline rhinotracheitis virus, cat flu, FVR

Classification


Taxonomy

  • Family: Herpesviridae .
  • Subfamily: Alphaherpesvirinae .

Distribution

FHV-1
  • Worldwide.
  • Common.

FHV-2

  • In USA only.
  • 30% of cats in USA have antibody to FHV-2.

Significance

FHV-1
  • Causes severe, sometimes fatal, cat 'flu'  Viral-induced upper respiratory tract disease  (upper respiratory tract infection); keratitis and ulceration especially in young kittens. 
  • Can leave cats with chronic rhinitis  Rhinitis  .
  • Can cause abortion/resorption in pregnant cats.
  • Fading kittens  Fading kitten syndrome  , usually from 2-4 weeks of age.

FHV-2

  • Rarely associated with ulcerative dermatitis.
  • Was apparently isolated from a cat with feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD)  Lower urinary tract disease  but other researchers have failed to isolate a similar organism.

Sources

Publications

  • Dawson S, Willoughby K, Gaskell R Met al(2001)A field trail to assess the effect of vaccination against feline herpesvirus, feline calicivirus and feline panleucopenia virus in 6-week old kittens.JFMS3, 17-22.
  • Binns S H, Dawson S, Speakman A J, Cuevas L Eet al(2000)A study of feline upper respiratory tract disease with reference to prevalence and risk factors for infection with feline calicivirus and feline herpesvirus.J Feline Med and Surg2, 123-133.
  • Dawson S & Willoughby K (1999)Feline infectious upper respiratory tract disease - an update.In Practice5, 232-252.
  • Dawson S, Gaskell R & Jarrett O S (1999)Vaccination in cats - an update.In Practice21, 71-74.
  • Sykes J E, Browning G F, Anderson G, Studdert V P & Smith H V (1997)Differential sensitivity of culture and the polymerase chain reaction for detection of feline herpesvirus 1 in vaccinated and unvaccinated cats.Arch Virol142, 65-74.

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