Classification
Taxonomy
- Family: Enterobacteriaceae .
- Genus: Escherichia .
Classification of enteritis-causing E. coli strains
- Enterotoxigenic E. coli ( ETEC): have fimbrial adhesins, produce enterotoxin, cause neonatal colibacillosis.
- Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC): do not produce enterotoxins or Shiga-like toxins, cause enteritis/diarrhea and colisepticemia by other mechanisms.
- Attaching and effacing E. coli (AEEC): colonize small intestine, attach to target cells and kill them, Shiga-like toxins, isolated from calves and rabbits with enteric disease.
Etymology
- Escherichia : named after Theodor Escherich, who named the type species of the genus.
Distribution
- Worldwide.
Significance
- The major facultative gram-negative species comprising the normal flora of the gastrointestinal tract; usually present in larger numbers in carnivores and omnivores than in herbivores.
- Presence in water supply usually indicates fecal contamination; hence tests for its presence are widely used in water testing.
- Causes (or associated with as opportunistic infection) a wide range of diseases in many species.
Sources
Publications
- Cullor J S (1995)Escherichia coli O157-H7 - the silent danger.Vet Med90(1), 74-82.
- Dorn C R (1995)Escherichia coli O157-H7.JAVMA206(10), 1995.
- Whipp S C, Rasmussen M A & Cray W C (1994)Animals as a source of Escherichia coli pathogenic for human beings.JAVMA204(4), 1168-1175.
- Levine M (1987)Escherichia coli that causes diarrhoea - enterotoxigenic, enteropathogenic, enteroinvasive, enterohaemorrhagic and anteroadherent.J Infect Dis155, 377.



