Glucose

Name

• Glucose.

Class of drug

• Simple sugar.

Uses

Action

• Parenteral energy source.

Indications

• Hyperkalemia (0.5-1.5 g/kg IV over 2 hours and insulin 0.1-0.15 U/kg IV as a bolus).

• Used for fluid replacement (primarily where intracellular and interstitial fluid losses have occurred).
• Useful in patients with congestive heart failure.
• In combination with insulin to treat hyperkalemia.

• Used as an energy source. Patients requiring parenteral nutritional support will require mixtures comprising combinations of amino acid, glucose solutions and fat.
  It is recommended that specialist advice is sought prior using parenteral nutrition.
• Used to treat hypoglycemia.

• Management of electrolyte depletion where carbohydrate store is also depleted.
• Management of acute Addisonian crisis.
• Urethral obstruction.

Adverse reactions

Treatment

• Overhydration (too rapid infusion):
  • Restlessness.
  • Moist lung sounds.
  • Tachycardia.
  • Tachypnea.
  • Nasal discharge.
  • Coughing.
  • Vomiting and diarrhea.

Antidote for overdose

• Manage overdose by diuretic injection.