Ampicillin

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Sections available in full article Name, Class of drug, Description, Uses, Administration, Routes of administration, Dosage, Timing of administration, Pharmocokinetics, Normal, Precautions, Contra-indications, Interactions, Adverse reactions, Sources, Publications,
Contributors

Name

  • Ampicillin.

Class of drug

  • Aminopenicillin.

Uses

Action

  • Acts by binding to penicillin-binding proteins near bacterial cell walls, thereby decreasing bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity, and affecting cell division, growth and septum formation.
  • As mammalian cells lack a cell wall, the beta-lactam antibiotics are extremely safe.

Indications

  • Ampicillin is an acid-stable, beta-lactamase-susceptible aminopenicillin active against many gram-positive and negative organisms, but not against those that produce penicillinases, eg E. coliand Staphylococcus aureus.
  • The difficult gram negative organisms (eg Pseudomonasspp and Klebsiellaspp) are usually resistant.
  • Most obligate anaerobes are susceptible.
  • Ampicillin is excreted well in bile and urine.

Adverse reactions

Other reported reactions

  • Nausea, diarrhea and skin rashes are the most common adverse effects.

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