Therapeutics: gastrointestinal system

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Sections available in full article Antidiarrheal Drugs ,  Anti-emetics and emetics ,  Laxatives ,  Modulators of intestinal motility ,  Antacids and ulcer-healing drugs ,  Others ,  Sources,
Contributors Dr Juan Escala DVM MVM MRCVS
Dr Lauren Trepanier DVM PhD DipACVIM DipACVCP
Dr Linda Horspool BVMS PhD DECVPT MRCVS

Antidiarrheal Drugs

  • * Indicates product not licensed for use in this species.
  • Causes of diarrhea Diarrhea: chronic , include diet, infection, neoplasia/dysplasia, inflammation/malabsorbtion, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, drug treatment and stress.
  • Treatment must address causative agent, supportive therapy (fluid therapy Fluid therapy , electrolyte replacement Fluid therapy ), and diet.
  • Antibiotics Therapeutics: antimicrobial drug , indicated if diarrhea due to bacterial overgrowth, or mucosal barrier disrupted, eg neomycin Neomycin , some sulphonamides, some nitrofurans Nitrofurantoin
  • Metronidazole Metronidazole , used as an adjunct to corticosteroids for small intestinal inflammatory bowel disease.

Sources

Publications

Refereed papers


  • Recent references from PubMed.
  • Le Traon G, Burgaud S, Horspool L J (2009) Pharmacokinetics of cimetidine in dogs after oral administration of cimetidine tablets. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 32 (3), 213-218 PubMed.
  • Narishetty S T et al(2009) Effect of refrigeration of the antiemetic Cerenia (maropitant) on pain on injection. Vet Ther 10 (3), 93-102 PubMed.
  • Brown A J, Otto C M (2008) Fluid therapy in vomiting and diarrhea. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 38 (3), 653-675, xiii PubMed.
  • Conder G A et al(2008) Efficacy and safety of maropitant, a selective neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist, in two randomized clinical trials for prevention of vomiting due to motion sickness in dogs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 31 (6), 528-532 PubMed.
  • Ramsey D S et al(2008) Safety and efficacy of injectable and oral maropitant, a selective neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist, in a randomized clinical trial for treatment of vomiting in dogs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 31 (6), 538-543 PubMed.
  • Sedlacek H S et al(2008) Comparative efficacy of maropitant and selected drugs in preventing emesis induced by centrally or peripherally acting emetogens in dogs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 31 (6), 533-537 PubMed.
  • Benchaoui H A et al(2007) Efficacy of maropitant for preventing vomiting associated with motion sickness in dogs. Vet Rec 161 (13), 444-447 PubMed.
  • de la Puente-Redondo V A et al(2007a) The anti-emetic efficacy of maropitant (Cerenia) in the treatment of ongoing emesis caused by a wide range of underlying clinical aetiologies in canine patients in Europe. J Small Anim Pract 48 (2), 93-98 PubMed.
  • de la Puente-Redondo V A et al(2007b) Efficacy of maropitant for treatment and prevention of emesis caused by intravenous infusion of cisplatin in dogs. Am J Vet Res 68 (1), 48-56 PubMed.
  • Vail D M et al(2007) Efficacy of injectable maropitant (Cerenia) in a randomized clinical trial for prevention and treatment of cisplatin-induced emesis in dogs presented as veterinary patients. Vet Comp Oncol 5 (1), 38-46 PubMed.
  • Wilson D V, Tom Evans A, Mauer W A (2007) Pre-anesthetic meperidine: associated vomiting and gastroesophageal reflux during the subsequent anesthetic in dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg 34 (1), 15-22 PubMed.
  • Wilson D V, Evans A T, Miller R (2005) Effects of preanesthetic administration of morphine on gastroesophageal reflux and regurgitation during anesthesia in dogs. Am J Vet Res 66 (3), 386-390 PubMed.
  • Valverde A et al(2004) Effects of acepromazine on the incidence of vomiting associated with opioid administration in dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg 31 (1), 40-45 PubMed.
  • Hikasa Y et al(1986) Antagonism of the emetic action of xylazine by alpha-adrenoceptor blocking agents. Eur J Pharmacol 130 (3), 229-235.

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