Pulmonary tuberculosis

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Sections available in full article Introduction, Presenting signs, Geographic incidence, Age predisposition, Breed predisposition, Cost considerations, Special risks (e.g. anesthetic), Pathogenesis, Etiology, Predisposing factors, Pathophysiology, Timecourse (incubation, duration), Diagnosis, Client history, Clinical signs, Diagnostic investigation, Confirmation of diagnosis, Gross autopsy findings, Histopathology findings, Differential diagnosis, Treatment, Initial symptomatic treatment, Prevention, Prophylaxis, Sequelae, Prognosis, Sources, Publications, Organization(s),
Contributors

Introduction

  • Rare primary disease in dogs.
  • Dogs primarily develop respiratory form of disease.
  • Cause : infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterium bovismay also occassionally be isolated.
  • Signs : weight loss, cough, depression, anorexia. Occassionally dyspnea.
  • Diagnosis : radiography, biopsy, culture.
  • Treatment :
    • Euthanasia.
    • Long-term and potentially toxic chemotherapy. Often not attempted.
  • Prognosis : guarded.

Diagnosis

Clinical signs

  • Cough.
  • Muffled respiratory sounds with pleural effusion.
  • Ascites.
  • Pyrexia.
  • Lymphadenopathy - mesenteric, tracheobronchial, peripheral.
  • Bone pain or swelling (hypertrophic pulmonary osteopathy). Lot of soft tissue reaction.

Diagnosis

Differential diagnosis

  • Metastatic pulmonary neoplasia.
  • Lymphoma.
  • Primary pulmonary neoplasia Lung: pulmonary neoplasia.
  • Pneumonia Lung: bacterial pneumonia (bacterial).
  • Fungal disease.
  • Pulmonary infiltration with eosinophils Lung: pulmonary infiltration with eosinophilia.
  • Pulmonary abscess.

Sequelae

Prognosis

  • Guarded and treatment rarely recommended.

Sources

Publications

Refereed papers

  • Aranaz A, Libana E, Pickering X, Novoa C, Mateos A & Domnguez L (1996) Use of polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of tuberculosis in cats and dogs. Vet Rec 138 , 276-280.
  • Clercx C (1992) Tuberculosis in dogs - a case report and review of the literature. JAAHA 28 , 207.
  • Trujillo-Rojas R A (1967) Pulmonary tuberculosis in dog diagnosed by a positive culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from laryngeal swab. Am Rev Respir Dis 95 , 674-675.

Organization(s)

  • Regional Center for Mycobacteriology (PHLS) , Llandough Hospital, Penlan Road, Renarth, Cardiff CF64 2XX, UK. Tel: +44 (0)2920 716408.
  • Mycobacteria Unit , City Hospital, Edinburgh EH10 5SB, UK.
  • Mycobacteria Unit , St James Hospital, St James Street, Dublin 8, Ireland.

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