Introduction
- Difficult to define but includes: growling, snarling or biting in an attempt to 'see off' intruder.
- Seen in post-parturient bitch or pseudopregnancy stimulated by real or perceived threat to her litter.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Sequelae
Prognosis
- Good, given that usually this is a self-limiting problem which resolves as puppies grow.
Expected response to treatment
- The intensity of the aggressive behavior is likely to lessen as the puppies grow.
Sources
Publications
Other sources of information
- Overall K L (1997) Clinical behavioral medicine for small animals. Mosby. pp103-106.
- Landsberg G, Hunthausen W & Ackerman L (1997) Handbook of behavior problems of the dog and cat. pp 164.
- Askew H (1996) Treatment of behavior problems in dogs and cats. pp 147.
Organization(s)
- Association of Pet Behaviour Counsellors , PO Box 46, Worcester WR8 9YS, UK. Tel/Fax: +44 (0)1386 751151; Email: apbc@petbcent.demon.co.uk; Website: http://www.apbc.co.uk.




